Vocabulary

No. Word Meaning Synonyms Antonyms 
1 Liquidity (n) Cash availability Cash flow, solvency Illiquidity, insolvency 
2 Amortization(n) Gradual debt payoff Debt payoff, redemption Lump-sum charge 
3 Collateral (n) Security for a loan Pledge, guarantee, lien Unsecured asset 
4 Default (v/n) Failure to repay debt Delinquency, lapse Compliance, fulfillment 
5 Depreciation (n) Decline in value Devaluation, slump Appreciation, surge 
6 Deficit (n) Shortage of funds Shortfall, deficiency Surplus, excess 
7 Disburse (v) Pay out money Distribute, allocate Withhold, retain 
8 Foreclose (v) Seize unpaid property Repossess, confiscate Release, restore 
9 Liquidate (v) Cash out or clear debts Settle, sell off Accumulate, invest 
10 Waive (v) Forgo a right/fee Relinquish, abandon Enforce, claim 
11 Reconcile (v) Match financial records Balance, harmonize Disagree, mismatch 
12 Liability (n) Financial debt/obligation Debt, arrear, burden Asset, resource 
13 Insolvency (n) Inability to pay debts Bankruptcy, default Solvency, credit 
14 Moratorium (n) Temporary freeze Suspension, delay Resumption, continuation 
15 Capitalization(n) Providing fund/capital Funding, financing Defunding, divestment 
16 Subvention (n) Financial subsidy/aid Grant, subsidy, aid Levy, tax, penalty 
17 Encumbrance(n) Legal claim on asset Mortgage, lien, burden Asset, clear title 
18 Austerity (n) Govt spending cuts Frugality, retrenchment Extravagance, waste 
19 Stagflation (n) High inflation + low growth Recession, stagnation Boom, expansion 
20 Windfall (n) Unexpected profit Bonanza, gain, jackpot Loss, expense 
21 Mitigate (v) Make less severe Alleviate, ease, lessen Aggravate, worsen 
22 Stringent (adj) Strict regulations Rigorous, firm, strict Lenient, flexible 
23 Prudent (adj) Wise and cautious Sensible, judicious Reckless, rash 
24 Abolish (v) Formally end a rule Eliminate, annul, scrap Establish, enact 
25 Expedite (v) Speed up a process Accelerate, hasten Delay, postpone 
26 Stipulate (v) Specify a requirement Demand, require, dictate Suggest, ignore 
27 Revoke (v) Cancel or annul Rescind, repeal, void Sanction, approve 
28 Consolidate (v) Merge into one Combine, centralize Separate, divide 
29 Jurisdiction (n) Legal authority scope Scope, purview, authority Powerlessness 
30 Mandate (n/v) Official order Directive, decree Prohibition, veto 
31 Alleviate (v) Relieve pain/trouble Ease, mitigate, soothe Aggravate, worsen 
32 Spiral (v) Rapid uncontrolled movement Escalate, soar, plummet Stabilize, level off 
33 Procurement (n) Obtaining goods/services Acquisition, sourcing Sale, disposal 
34 Diversify (v) Vary range of products Broaden, expand Specialize, narrow 
35 Regulate (v) Control system/rate Govern, oversee, direct Deregulate, neglect 
36 Compensate (v) Pay for loss/injury Reimburse, remunerate Penalize, fine 
37 Adhere (v) Follow rules strictly Comply, conform, abide Deviate, flout 
38 Facilitate (v) Make process easier Enable, assist, aid Hinder, impede 
39 Compliance (n) Obeying rules/commands Conformity, adherence Defiance, violation 
40 Streamline (v) Make efficient Optimize, simplify Complicate, clutter 
41 Pellucid (adj) Transparent, clear Explicit, limpid Cryptic, opaque 
42 Disseminate (v) Spread widely Broadcast, circulate Suppress, withhold 
43 Quash (v) Reject or void Annul, suppress, quell Incite, uphold 
44 Pluralism (n) Coexistence of diversity Variety, heterogeneity Uniformity, monism 
45 Callous (adj) Cruel disregard Ruthless, unfeeling Compassionate, kind 
46 Mendacious (adj) Untruthful, deceitful Dishonest, deceptive Veracious, honest 
47 Formidable (adj) Inspiring fear/respect Intimidating, daunting Feeble, weak 
48 Obstreperous (adj) Noisy and unruly Disorderly, clamorous Docile, obedient 
49 Surreptitious (adj) Done stealthily Covert, clandestine Overt, transparent 
50 Subterfuge (n) Deceitful trickery Artifice, ruse, evasion Candor, honesty 
51 Vilify (v) Speak disparagingly of Defame, malign, slander Praise, extol, laud 
52 Upbraid (v) Scold harshly Reprimand, berate Commend, praise 
53 Encomium (n) Speech of high praise Eulogy, tribute Censure, reprimand 
54 Subservience (n) Excessive obedience Servility, docility Defiance, rebellion 
55 Tirade (n) Angry critical speech Harangue, rant, screed Accord, eulogy 
56 Portentous (adj) Warning of evil/danger Ominous, foreboding Auspicious, promising 
57 Torpor (n) Inactivity or lethargy Inertia, sloth, languor Vigor, dynamism 
58 Contemn (v) Regard with disdain Despise, scorn, slight Esteem, respect 
59 Alacrity (n) Brisk eagerness Willingness, readiness Apathy, reluctance 
60 Abscond (v) Flee secretly Decamp, bolt, escape Remain, surrender 
61 Coherent (adj) Logical and clear Rational, sound, lucid Incoherent, confused 
62 Pertinent (adj) Relevant to topic Germane, applicable Irrelevant, off-topic 
63 Viable (adj) Workable, feasible Practical, doable Unviable, futile 
64 Exacerbate (v) Make situation worse Aggravate, inflame Assuage, soothe 
65 Stalled (adj) Brought to standstill Halted, blocked Accelerated, moving 
66 Substantial (adj) Sizable, important Significant, ample Negligible, minor 
67 Resilient (adj) Quick to recover Tough, robust, adaptable Fragile, vulnerable 
68 Meticulous (adj) Very precise/careful Painstaking, thorough Slapdash, careless 
69 Leverage (v) Use to max advantage Harness, utilize, exploit Squander, waste 
70 Optimize (v) Make most effective use Maximize, refine Impair, degrade 
71 Paucity (n) Small/insufficient quantity Dearth, shortage, lack Abundance, surfeit 
72 Spurt (n/v) Sudden sharp rise Surge, eruption, burst Decline, slump 
73 Concomitant (adj) Naturally accompanying Attendant, concurrent Unrelated, separate 
74 Surfeit (n) Excessive amount Excess, glut, surplus Deficit, lack 
75 Impetus (n) Driving force Momentum, stimulus Deterrent, obstacle 
76 Coercion (n) Forceful persuasion Duress, intimidation Consent, freedom 
77 Stagnation (n) Lack of growth/motion Inertia, standstill Boom, expansion 
78 In tandem (phrase) Acting together Concurrently, in unison Independently, alone 
79 Cognizant (adj) Having awareness Mindful, conscious Ignorant, oblivious 
80 Bottleneck (n) Point of obstruction Barrier, logjam, snag Catalyst, aid 
81 Sovereignty (n) Supreme power Autonomy, independence Subjugation, dependency 
82 Assuage (v) Soothe bad feelings Pacify, placate, ease Provoke, aggravate 
83 Disparity (n) Great inequality/gap Imbalance, discrepancy Parity, equality 
84 Pervasive (adj) Spreading everywhere Ubiquitous, prevalent Rare, localized 
85 Proactive (adj) Acting in advance Enterprising, energetic Passive, reactive 
86 Anomalous (adj) Deviating from norm Aberrant, atypical Normal, standard 
87 Precipitate (v) Trigger suddenly Spark, hasten, induce Block, prevent 
88 Tacit (adj) Implied without words Implicit, unspoken Explicit, stated 
89 Ambiguous (adj) Open to interpretation Equivocal, vague Clear, definitive 
90 Scrutiny (n) Critical observation Inspection, audit, review Inattention, oversight 
91 Equanimity (n) Calmness under stress Poise, composure, serenity Agitation, panic 
92 Proclivity (n) Natural tendency Inclination, propensity Antipathy, aversion 
93 Imperative (adj) Of vital importance Crucial, essential Optional, trivial 
94 Rhetoric (n) Persuasive speech Oratory, grandiloquence Candor, conciseness 
95 Ostensibly (adv) Seemingly or supposedly Supposedly, outwardly Genuinely, truly 
96 Protracted (adj) Extended over time Prolonged, drawn-out Brief, short 
97 Embezzlement (n) Theft of trusted funds Defalcation, fraud Reimbursement 
98 Auspicious (adj) Favorable, promising Propitious, encouraging Ominous, inauspicious 
99 Prognosis (n) Outcome forecast Prediction, projection Retrospect 
100 Retrenchment (n) Spending cutback Downsizing, reduction Expansion, growth